ISRO will triple its spacecraft production as it enters a phase of rapid expansion, Chairman V Narayanan said. The agency has lined up several PSLV and GSLV missions, with Gaganyaan on track for 2027 and Chandrayaan-4 for 2028. ISRO is also advancing LUPEX, joint India-Japan lunar polar exploration programme aimed at studying water ice at moon’s south pole, he said.