Congress leader P Chidambaram said new criminal laws (BNS, BNSS, BSA) are "cut and paste" versions of old IPC, CrPC and Indian Evidence Act. "The whole exercise was...waste and has only created confusion in...administration of justice among judges," he stated. Responding to Chidambaram, BJP's Amit Malviya said Chidambaram "doesn't have single transformative piece of legislation to his name".